The Danish Ride Forbund (DRF) decision is the first known case of an off-camera remark personnel being held to account.

The Court of Arbitration for Sport confirmed the FEI Tribunal's decision after appeals regarding the US rider's abuse of horses while using electric spurs.

Rider-trainer Rafea Alamri used a cocktail of drugs associated with abuse in endurance by masking unsoundness and lowering the heart rate.

As well as horse abuse, the US rider is found to have brought the sport into disrepute and committed criminal acts under Swiss law.

Sport’s highest court says the Spanish chef d’equipe was provoked before shouting at the ground jury for cancelling the WEG 2018 ride.